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Twenty-four hours fit into a day, 60 minutes into an hour - time is a little more complicated to learn than other units of measurement with their simple tenths and hundredths. This video uses vivid animations to explain how to read the clock. The viewer also learns how and why people began to measure time.
Our muscles work miracles. We can run long distances and perform complex coordinative movements. Our muscles need energy to do so. Adenosine triphosphate, ATP for short, is essential in the provision of energy to muscles. Because without ATP, muscles cannot contract. This film explains how the ATP gets to and feeds the muscles.
Allergies are an overreaction by the body. Harmless substances are seen as enemies and attacked. An allergic reaction occurs. The immune system reacts to these substances, known as allergens, in the same way as it would to germs, and forms antibodies. At the end of the film is a glossary with a summary of the contents.
In logistic growth, exponential and bounded growth are combined. The curve of a logistic growth starts exponential. In the middle it becomes approximately linear, and it finally ends at a limit which cannot be exceeded. The video explains the formula and gives some illustrative examples from everyday life.
This film explains linear equations and their graphical representation. A linear equation, in which there is exactly one y-value for each x-value, is a linear function. The general functional rule for a linear function is y = m * x + b, the corresponding graph is a straight line with the gradient m and the y-axis section b.
The subject of this film is linear equations. Equations are made up of a series of mathematical symbols with logical connections that are linked by an equals sign. An equation is always linear if the variables do not occur in any power higher than the 1st. Linear equations are solved using equivalence transformations.
The basics of interest calculation are presented using practical examples. Credit, capital, interest rate and term are explained. Clear calculation examples explain how the interest rate affects the amount of money that has to be paid back. The different terms of loans and per annum interest are also introduced.
This film uses an example from everyday school life to demonstrate the intercept theorems when scaling a triangle centrally. The first and second intercept theorems are explained and shown in detail using specific problems. The benefit in daily life is then also shown when calculating a difficult to measure length.
The subject of this film is improper fractions. In top-heavy fractions the numerator is a multiple of the denominator. Top-heavy fractions can therefore be converted into whole numbers using reduction. The film uses clear examples to explain what top-heavy fractions are and how to calculate with them.
We are familiar with the term growth from everyday life. Children grow, the state´s mountain of debt grows, the number of computer users worldwide too. Generally we can say: if any size increases with time, we refer to growth. This film explains the term growth in detail, including positive and negative growth.
Limited growth is characterized by the fact that it does not exceed a certain limit or bound. The film explains limited growth using several catchy examples from the economy, nature and everyday life, explains the recursive function equation and finally illustrates limited growth with an exponential function.
This film introduces the mathematical expression "term" and sets out the arithmetical rules for terms. Variables are also introduced as substitutes for numbers and we explain how they can usefully be used in various formulas. The difference between dependent and independent variables is also clearly shown.
The audience learns what exponential growth is through the legend of Buddhiram, the inventor of chess. The video explains the recursive and explicit functional equations and shows how both positive and negative exponential growth work. Exponential, linear and quadratic growth are compared with each other.
Using examples from everyday life as well as animations and real models, we show you how the surfaces of different geometric figures can be understood using grids. Clear examples of the grids of tetrahedrons, square pyramids, cuboids, and prisms as well as complicated shapes such as cylinders and cones are shown.
The subject of this film is the graphical representation of percentage calculations. The principle of visualizing parts and their proportions in histograms or pie charts is explained. The various criteria that have to be taken into account to reach a reliable and accurate graphical representation are looked at.
This film introduces the construction and the daily use of circles. Easy-to-understand practical examples show how circles can be made with the help of a compass or using string, and how important these geometric shapes are in navigation and shipping. The uses of the circle in art are also mentioned in this film.
When adding or reducing fractions, it is helpful to know the least common multiple and the greatest common divisor. The video shows how to find these numbers using several illustrative examples. Both denominators or both denominators and numerators must be reduced with the help of the prime factorization.
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The film explains how the fraction bar, the numerator, and the denominator work: The denominator gives the fraction its name, while the numerator gives the number of parts. It is shown that fractions with the same name can easily be added. The fraction calculation is illustrated with everyday examples.
For comparison and calculation, fractions can be expanded until they have the same denominator. To do this, the numerator and denominator are multiplied by the same number, whereby the valence does not change. If the numerator and denominator have a common divisor, you can reduce the fraction by this number.
Three laws of arithmetic - the commutative law, the distributive law and the associative law - make arithmetic easier. The film introduces the three laws, explains their meaning and gives the corresponding formulae. The content of each law is summarized in an understandable way in a short and catchy mnemonic.
This film is about multiplying and dividing negative numbers. Easy-to-understand animations show how numbers with different signs can be multiplied by each other. Calculations on the number line are demonstrated and translated to everyday situations. Calculations with negative fractions are also explained.
You multiply fractions with integers by keeping the denominator and multiplying the numerator by the number, and using the reduction advantage. If you have parent fractions, you multiply the denominators together. If you have different fractions, you multiply numerators by numerators and denominators by denominators.
This film uses catchy examples to explain what a power is and how to calculate with powers. Among other things, the multiplication and division of powers with the same exponent or with the same base, as well as the exponentiation of powers, are explained. In addition, special cases such as negative exponents are considered.
Rounding means making numbers less precise and as a result easier to calculate with. But in such a way that they are still precise enough for their purpose. This film introduces the rounding rule according to DIN 1333 using clear everyday examples. We also look at rounding errors and rounding already rounded numbers.
Roman numerals are still used relatively often today. Therefore, the film explains how to read them correctly and transfer them to our number system. It explains the history of the numbers from the beginning, describes the expansion of the system, and points out the special features of the numbers 4 and 9.
This film shows the relationship between lines and points. It explains how a set square can be used to measure the vertical distance between a point and a straight line. Two straight lines can either be parallel to one another or intersect each other. In three-dimensional space, straight lines can also be crooked to one another.
This film first gives several examples of reflections in the Cartesian coordinate system and then develops generally applicable rules from them. First, individual points are mirrored on the y-axis, the x-axis and the zero point. Then it is shown that and why mirroring also works with geometric figures.
This video looks at the basics of probability calculation. First of all, the term probability is explained. Using ideal random trials, disjoint and non-dijoint events are defined amongst others, simple probabilities for disjoint events are calculated, and the respective arithmetic rules are presented.
Prime numbers are only divisible by themselves and by one. All other numbers consist of products of prime numbers. In the video, examples are used to show how a number can be identified as a prime number, both through the application of divisibility rules and through the helpful sieve of Eratosthenes.
By means of the prime factorization, one can get a good overview of the divisor set of a number. The film uses several examples to show how this decomposition works and in which cases it is unique. Since the calculation can quickly become confusing with large numbers, you can also help yourself with powers.
This film introduces polygons. First of all, the well-known triangles and rectangles are presented, and we recap how to work out their perimeter and surface area. Animations then explain the makeup of regular polygons using center point triangles and show how they can be used to work out other amounts.
You can expand decimal numbers in the same way as fractions in order to be able to calculate with them more easily. The film explains how the same-sense comma shift works. In addition, the viewers learn how they can easily convert any fractions into decimal numbers with the help of written division.
This film presents the simplest geometric elements: points and lines. Labeling them with letters and the construction and measurement of line segments are also introduced along with the transition from line segments to rays and lines. Clear animations demonstrate how to label these lines and work out their position relationship.
Both cones and pyramids are pointed bodies. They both consist of the base surface and the lateral surface. The base of a pyramid is any polygon, while the base of a cone is a circle. The film shows various pyramid shapes such as the tetrahedron and explains where cone shapes can be discovered in nature.
There are five Platonic solids in mathematics. They were named after their discoverer, Plato. The video introduces the hexahedron, the tetrahedron, the octahedron, the icosahedron, and the dodecahedron with their respective symmetrical peculiarities. It explains where these regular shapes occur in nature.
The video explains what the so-called cavalier perspective is all about: it is used to be able to draw geometric bodies in such a way that the brain recognizes them as three-dimensional. The film uses the examples of a cube, a cuboid, a pyramid and a triangular primate to demonstrate how exactly this way of drawing works.
This film is about the construction and peculiarities of perpendicular bisectors and angle bisectors without a set square. The video shows the methods that were already used in Ancient Greece. A ruler and a compass are sufficient for this, as you only need to find the intersection points of correctly created circles.
Percentage calculation is important in different everyday situations. The film explains the simplest formula for percentage calculation, namely percentage x basic value = percentage value, and introduces the percentage triangle. It shows how the third value can always be calculated using two of the values.
The video explains the special properties of a number line and shows step by step how to create it. It demonstrates how easy it is to read mathematical laws and relationships from it. The number line, which contains all positive and negative integers, facilitates the comparison and arrangement of numbers.
The subject of this film is negative numbers. It was René Descartes who extended the series of numbers named after him beyond zero. Gabriel Fahrenheit worked with negative numbers to measure temperatures. The film shows at which points negative numbers can be helpful and how they fit into the number system.
Fractions can easily be divided by multiplying the first fraction by the reciprocal of the second fraction. The film shows the individual steps necessary for this with the help of an illustrative example and explains the rules that apply here. The reduction advantage for mental arithmeticians is also discussed.
Using three examples, this film explains how the distances of different points in the Cartesian coordinate system are determined. It explains which formulas have to be used and which rules apply. The distance between a point and the origin is worked out and applied to the calculation of the distance between two points.
This film is about which numbers are divisible by which other numbers. The video explains the divisibility rules and how to check them: Depending on whether a remainder is left after division or not, a number is divisible by another number. Illustrative examples explain the rules of the last digit and the checksum.
This video explains the El Niño climate anomaly. It illustrates the effects of this widescale change in water and air flows and sheds light on the main causes of their occurrence. We also provide discussion approaches about whether increasing global warming is also influencing this natural climate anomaly.
The film explains the general principle of wind formation by the pressure difference between high and low pressure areas. Taking the land-sea wind system as an example, it illustrates the formation of air pressure difference on the Earth´s surface with simple animations. The video is suited for use in primary school.
Where does lightning come from and how is thunder produced? The film explores these questions and explains the physical conditions under which a thunderstorm occurs. It also explains how Benjamin Franklin studied lightning in the 18th century and demonstrates how to calculate the distance of a thunderstorm.
How do spring, summer, autumn, and winter come about? Octavius finds out together with the audience: the earth takes a year to orbit the sun. Its angle changes in the process. This means that the sun´s rays sometimes fall more steeply and sometimes more flatly on the earth. This is how the seasons are created.
Sunshine, rain, wind, temperature - in meteorology, what we would simply call "weather" is defined a bit more precisely as the condition of the atmosphere at a particular time in a particular place on Earth´s surface. This video loos at weather and climate zones and is especially suited for primary school children.
There are different ways in which a volcano can develop. The film explains the influence of plate movements on this process. It illustrates the structure of the earth from the earth´s core, mantle, and crust and takes a closer look at the so-called hot spots, where magma accumulates over a long period of time.
This video explains what time zones are, why they were created and what impact they have around the world. Among other things, it discusses UTC, GMT and CET, the prime meridian and the International Date Line, as well as summer and winter time. Another topic of the film is the rare deviations in time zones.
Twice a day, the water at the sea coast reaches its highest and lowest level, which is due to the gravitational pull of the moon. The film describes the different water levels at low and high tide and explains the terms. The video also takes a closer look at the spring tide and explains how it occurs.
The earth´s surface is not static. Due to plate tectonics, it is in constant slight movement and constantly reshapes the image of the earth. The film explains the structure of the earth´s surface, the formation of the individual continents, the difficulties of world maps and the different landscape forms.
The world population is growing faster and faster. The film shows which factors determine in which parts of the world population density increases or decreases. Birth and death rates play a role, but it is shown that prosperity, political and social security and the economy are also important factors.
The film looks at the structure of the Earth: the interior beneath the Earth´s surface is composed of the crust, the upper and lower mantle, and the outer and inner core. The film shows the conditions prevailing in these layers and explains the continental drift and the formation of the Earth´s magnetic field.
Our solar system takes its name from its central star. Eight planets and many other celestial bodies from dwarf planets to satellites orbit the sun.
This film uses simple animations to explain the structure of the solar system. This version of the video is especially suited for use in primary school.
Our solar system takes its name from its central star. Eight planets and many other celestial bodies from dwarf planets to satellites orbit the sun.
This film uses simple animations to explain the structure of the solar system. This version of the video is especially suited for use in primary school.
The origin of the seasons is due to the inclination of the Earth´s axis in relation to its orbit around the Sun. The video explains how the angle and duration of the sun's incoming rays heat up and cool down the earth in the northern or southern hemisphere and that it is always summer at the equator.
The subject of this film is map reading. Using a child-friendly example, we shall first explain what a map generally shows. Key, scale and other information on the map is explained before demonstrating how to correctly lay out a map to be able to use it to work out your own position and orientate yourself in the terrain.
There is evidence that cities existed very early in human history. Metropolises already developed in the ancient advanced civilizations: large cities played a central role here. This film describes the growth and decline of cities in developing and emerging countries, as well as in industrialized ones.