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Our muscles work miracles. We can run long distances and perform complex coordinative movements. Our muscles need energy to do so. Adenosine triphosphate, ATP for short, is essential in the provision of energy to muscles. Because without ATP, muscles cannot contract. This film explains how the ATP gets to and feeds the muscles.
Allergies are an overreaction by the body. Harmless substances are seen as enemies and attacked. An allergic reaction occurs. The immune system reacts to these substances, known as allergens, in the same way as it would to germs, and forms antibodies. At the end of the film is a glossary with a summary of the contents.
After sudden heavy or unaccustomed exertion, we often get sore muscles. The film explains the structure of the muscles and the composition of the individual fibres. It clearly demonstrates where the muscle soreness can occur and why, and gives tips on what you can do to make the pain go away quickly.
Photosynthesis is one of the most important reactions in nature. It is vital for the survival of all animal organisms, including humans, because the process forms the oxygen we need to breathe. Plants use light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into energy-rich substances such as sugar and oxygen during photosynthesis.
For a blood transfusion to work, it is crucial to determine the donor's and recipient's blood group to prevent life-threatening blood clots. Similar caution must be taken during a transplantation - the transfer of organs or tissue. This video takes a look at both procedures, explains how the human body reacts to them.
The nose is one of the human body´s sensory organs. This film explains how smells enter the nose when breathing and are then registered by the olfactory cells in the olfactory membrane. The processing of the information in the brain, the connotations of certain smells and their unconscious effects are also illustrated.
Reflexes are involuntary movements of the body with which it reacts to an external stimulus. In most cases, they are protective mechanisms. This film explains how reflexes differ from voluntary movements and the significance of their subdivision into unconditional, innate and conditional, acquired reflexes.
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The human musculoskeletal system is put under a lot of strain every day. In order to be able to move at all, we need joints, among other things. This film shows which different types of joints there are, how they function and are constructed. The video also explains what kind of movement is possible with which joints.
Mosses are called pioneer plants because as the first settlers, they can acclimatize to new habitats before all other plant species. Mosses are low-growing and usually only grow to be a few centimeters tall. Because they don´t form any supporting or leading tissue, they grow next to each other to support one another.
Proteins are a key component of all living things and carry out various tasks. For example, they can serve as structural elements or transport molecules. Many proteins are enzymes and accelerate biochemical reactions in the body. Some hormones are also proteins. This film present the structure of proteins and their properties.
For a cell to become a multi-cell living being, it has to divide very often. The genetic information is equally distributed to the daughter cells. The newly formed cells take on special functions - in humans for instance the brain, skin, or muscle cells. The process of cell nucleus division in eukaryotes is called mitosis.
Genetic technology is understood as the targeted alteration and new combination of genetic material. It is used in various fields, such as industrial medication production, animal and plant breeding, and medicine. This film demonstrate how genes are deactivated, combined or implanted into different genetic material.
Humans, animals, and plants alike inherit their characteristics from their makers. That is sometimes clearly visible, for example when children have the same color eyes as their parents. This video shows which characteristics are inherited, and explains the three hereditary laws according to Mendel.
During puberty, a boy's body changes greatly due to hormones. The film shows these changes step by step and explains the structure and function of the male sex organs. It describes the testicles, the production, and storage of sperm and explains the function of the scrotum, spermatic cords and prostate.
This film goes into detail about human respiration. We inhale anywhere from 10,000 to 15,000 litres of air into our lungs each day. The main task of the lungs is to facilitate the gas exchange between the outside air and the circulatory system in our body. To wrap up the video, a glossary of terms summarizes its key points.
The liver has a variety of tasks in the body. The film describes both the structure and the location of this important organ and explains how it influences protein, fat, and carbohydrate metabolism. The video explains the function of bile, and names the most common liver diseases along with their causes.
There are over 4,000 different ladybug species in various color and spot combinations, of which 80 live in Germany. The seven-spotted ladybug is amongst the most well-known. The ladybug population is closely connected with the aphid. We will find out more about ladybugs and their predator-prey relationship with the aphid.
The pig has always been one of the most important farm animals for humans. It is explained that the domestic pig is descended from the wild pig. The special features of the intelligent bristly animals are explained and the most important differences between the domestic pig and the wild animals are pointed out.
The peace-loving herd animal, the sheep, is one of the oldest farm animals in the world. The film explains how the animals reproduce and grow up, their feeding habits, their natural habitat and their different uses. In Germany, sheep are now mainly used for landscape maintenance and dike preservation.
Bacteria and viruses, fungi and parasites can transmit many different infectious diseases. The film explains how an infection occurs and gives an overview of which pathogens cause which diseases. The immune reactions, symptoms, incubation period, vaccinations, and prevention of infections are addressed.
Ticks and mosquitoes suck blood out of other organisms to feed on it. That poses the risk of diseases being transmitted. The pathogens are passed on when the host is bitten. This film shows exactly what happens when diseases are passed on by mosquitoes and ticks and what reactions that triggers in the human body.
The immune system - our body´s defense force - fights off many pathogens every day. But it can be weakened by an unhealthy lifestyle, infections, chronic diseases, older age or immunodeficiencies. This film looks at how exactly the immune system works and how a weakened immune system or immunodeficiency comes about.
Viruses and bacteria can be harmful pathogens which infect the human body and cause various diseases. However, humans can often not tell whether their illness was caused by a virus or bacteria. Bacteria are autonomous organisms, whereas viruses are not. This film explains the differences between these pathogens.
In medicine, a vaccination is a preventive measure taken against infectious diseases. It seeks to protect the vaccinated person from diseases like tetanus or hepatitis. In this film, we will learn what kinds of vaccinations exists, how exactly they work to immunize us, and what possible side effects can be expected.
There are different ways in which living organisms pass on their genes through reproduction: Some organisms divide themselves, others have to look for a partner, and still others do not survive reproduction at all. This film gives an overview of the different types of reproduction in animals and plants.
Because identical twins have the same genome, they not only share the same outer appearance but also, for instance, blood types. Non-identical twins do not have the same genetic make-up. This film explains the difference between identical and non-identical twins and looks at what role environmental influences play.
Trees are often identified by their leaf shape. The leaf shapes of deciduous trees are categorized according to various criteria. Are they simple or compound? That differentiation is then categorized in further detail. We get to know the different categories and find out how to use an identification key.
The thyroid gland, which sits in the throat below the larynx, may only be small, but it is important. This film explains which hormones are produced there and what they do: the energy metabolism of all cells is controlled from here. An undersupply often has to do with iodine deficiency and makes you sleepy.
An adult human has around 300 trillion body cells - that is a 3 with 14 zeros! The vast majority of organisms on Earth, however, are made up of a single cell. Multicellular life didn?t appear until around 700 million years ago. This film looks at several microorganisms to explain the first steps in that evolution.